Paroxetine

What is paroxetine?

Paroxetine is a type of prescription-only antidepressant known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It works by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain – this can then help improve mood, reduce anxiety and support better sleep. Paroxetine is commonly prescribed under the brand name Seroxat[1].   

What is paroxetine used for?

Paroxetine is used to treat several mental health conditions, including depression, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)[1]. 

How does paroxetine work?

Paroxetine increases the level of serotonin in the brain by stopping it from being reabsorbed into nerve cells. Serotonin is a chemical that plays an important role in regulating mood, emotion and sleep. By maintaining higher levels of serotonin in this way, paroxetine can help relieve symptoms of depression and anxiety[1]. 

Who can take paroxetine?

Paroxetine is suitable for most adults aged 18 and over. However, it may not be suitable for people with certain conditions, including diabetes, epilepsy, glaucoma, and heart, liver, or kidney issues. It is also not suitable for those pregnant or breastfeeding, in people under 18 for depression due to suicide risk, and if the person being treated has a history of mania, bleeding disorders or is taking specific medicines like monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)[1]. 

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have or medication you take before you start treatment, and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2].  

How do you take paroxetine?

Paroxetine is normally taken once a day. Most commonly, it should be taken in the morning. It’s best to swallow the tablet whole with water and food, at the same time each day. Each person is different so please follow your doctor or pharmacist’s instructions carefully[1]. 

What is the typical dosage of paroxetine?

Paroxetine is available as 10mg, 20mg, and 40mg tablets or liquid (10ml is equivalent to 20mg). Depending on the condition being treated, the starting dose of paroxetine is usually between 10 to 20mg. The dose may be increased gradually, depending on how you respond, with the maximum daily dose being between 40mg and 60mg, depending on the condition being treated. Your medical professional will monitor your response and adjust the dose if needed[1]. 

Can you stop taking paroxetine suddenly?

No, you should not stop taking paroxetine suddenly, as this can cause withdrawal symptoms such as feeling dizzy and irritable, or experiencing sleep problems and flu-like symptoms. Your doctor or pharmacist will help you reduce the dose gradually to avoid these effects[1]. 

What should you do if you take too much paroxetine?

Taking too much paroxetine can bring potentially dangerous symptoms, including vomiting, drowsiness, tremors, and a fast heartbeat or even seizures. Call 999 or go to A&E straight away if you or someone else has taken too much paroxetine[1]. 

What should you do if you forget a dose of paroxetine?

If you forget a dose of paroxetine, you can usually take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one instead. Do not take two doses at the same time even if you’ve missed one[1]. 

What medicines should you avoid while taking paroxetine?

You should avoid taking paroxetine with several other medicines and supplements, including[1]: 

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as phenelzine 

• Other SSRIs or SNRIs 

• St John’s Wort 

• Any medicines that affect your heartbeat 

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, unless advised by your doctor 

• Certain antipsychotics and anticonvulsants 

Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications and supplements you take before you start a new medicine, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

What are the side effects of paroxetine?

The most common side effects of paroxetine include experiencing nausea, headaches, sweating, drowsiness, difficulty sleeping, and sexual problems – such as reduced sex drive or difficulty reaching orgasm[1]. 

Serious side effects of paroxetine are rare. They can include weight loss or gain, period changes, headaches, confusion, weakness, muscle cramps, unusual bleeding (cough, pee, poo, vomit), blurred vision and restlessness. You should get medical help if you notice any suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults, seizures[1]. 

You should contact your GP if you experience any of these symptoms. In rare cases, the medicine may cause a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). You should call 999 or visit A&E immediately if you believe this is happening[1]. 

Symptoms of anaphylaxis include[1]:  

• Difficulty breathing  

• Tightness in throat and chest  

• Swelling of the tongue or throat  

• Feeling faint or dizzy  

• Blue/grey skin or lips  

• Loss of consciousness 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice. 

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[2]. 

Frequently asked questions about paroxetine

How long does paroxetine take to work? 

When you begin taking paroxetine, you may notice some improvement after one to two weeks. The full benefit may take up to four to six weeks[1]. 

Can I drink alcohol while taking paroxetine? 

It is best to avoid alcohol when you take paroxetine – it can increase side effects such as drowsiness and potentially affect your daily life[1]. 

Will I gain weight while taking paroxetine? 

Some people may gain weight, especially with longer-term use of paroxetine. You can speak to your doctor or pharmacist if this happens and is concerning you[1]. 

Can I drive or operate machinery while taking paroxetine? 

It’s important to avoid driving or operating machinery when you first take paroxetine. It can cause drowsiness or dizziness in some people, potentially endangering you or others. Once you know how the medication affects you, you may be able to start doing normal activities again[1]. 

Is paroxetine addictive? 

Paroxetine is not addictive, but stopping it suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms, so it’s important to do so under medical guidance[1]. 

Can I take paroxetine during pregnancy? 

You should only take paroxetine while pregnant if your doctor advises it. There may be risks to the baby, so the benefits and risks must be carefully considered[1]. 

What if paroxetine does not work? 

Speak to your doctor or pharmacist if paroxetine is not working for you. They may adjust the dose or suggest a different treatment[1]. 

Can I take paroxetine with painkillers? 

While taking paroxetine, you can usually take paracetamol safely. However, you should avoid NSAIDs – like ibuprofen – unless your doctor says otherwise, as they may increase the risk of bleeding[1]. 

Does paroxetine affect fertility? 

Paroxetine can reduce sex drive or cause sexual side effects, but it does not directly affect fertility[1].  

How long will I need to take paroxetine? 

Most people take paroxetine for at least six months to a year. As each patient is different, this depends on your unique condition and how well you respond to treatment[1]. 

For the official NHS guide to paroxetine, visit their website.