Paracetamol for Adults

What is paracetamol for adults?

Paracetamol is a widely used painkiller and fever reducer. It’s available over the counter in various forms, including tablets, capsules, soluble tablets, and liquids. It is generally safe when taken as directed and is often a first-choice treatment for mild to moderate pain[1]. 

What is paracetamol used for?

Paracetamol is commonly used to relieve[1]: 

• Headaches and migraines 

• Toothache and back pain 

• Period pain and muscle aches 

• Cold and flu symptoms 

• Fever and general mild to moderate pain

How does paracetamol work?

Paracetamol works in two main ways[1]: 

• It blocks chemical messengers in the brain that signal pain 

• It acts on the brain’s temperature control centre (hypothalamus) to reduce fever 

• Unlike NSAIDs (e.g. ibuprofen), paracetamol does not significantly reduce inflammation [3] 

Who can take paracetamol?

Paracetamol is suitable for most adults and children over 10 years. 

Avoid taking it if you[1]: 

• Are allergic to paracetamol 

• Have severe liver or kidney problems 

• Are already taking medicines that contain paracetamol 

• Are malnourished, alcohol-dependent, or have sepsis (higher risk of metabolic acidosis) 

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have or medication you take before you start treatment, and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2].  

How do you take paracetamol?

To use paracetamol safely[1]: 

• Swallow tablets or capsules with water (or dissolve soluble tablets in water) 

• Use spoon or oral syringe provided to measure the dose of the suspension 

• Can be taken with or without food 

What is the typical dosage of paracetamol?

Paracetamol comes in a veriaty of formulations and strengths, such as[1]:  

• Tablets: 500mg or 1000mg  

• Capsule: 500mg 

• Suspension: 120mg, 250mg, 500mg in 5mlSuppository: 60mg to 1g units 

Adults can take up to 1000mg (two 500mg tablets), 4 times in 24 hours, waiting at least 4 hours between doses. The maximum is 4000mg (eight 500mg tablets) in 24 hours. If you're taking 1000mg (1g) tablets, do not take more than four in 24 hours. Lower doses may be needed for people under 50kg or with liver/kidney conditions. 

Can you stop taking paracetamol?

Yes, you can stop as soon as your symptoms improve. If pain or fever lasts more than 3 days, consult your doctor[1]. 

What do you do if you take too much paracetamol?

Seek medical help immediately, even if you feel well. Overdose can cause serious liver damage, which may be delayed. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain[1]. 

What do you do if you forget to take paracetamol?

Take it if you still need it. Do not take a double dose. Always wait at least 4 hours between doses[1].  

How do you store paracetamol?

Proper storage is essential to maintain effectiveness[1]: 

• Store in original packaging 

• Keep below 25°C 

• Keep out of reach of children 

• Do not use after the expiry date

What medicines can’t you take with paracetamol?

Some medications may interact with paracetamol and should be avoided or used with caution[1]: 

• Other medicines that contain paracetamol 

• Flucloxacillin (risk of metabolic acidosis) 

• Warfarin (increased bleeding risk with long-term use) 

• Epilepsy or tuberculosis medication 

• Carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, St John’s Wort (can increase liver toxicity) 

• Cholestyramine, metoclopramide, and domperidone (may affect absorption) [3][2] 

Before starting paracetamol,  inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications and supplements you take, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

What are the side effects of paracetamol?

Paracetamol is generally well tolerated, but you should contact your doctor if you notice any unusual symptoms. In rare cases, the medicine may cause a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). You should call 999 or visit A&E immediately if you believe this is happening[1]. 

Symptoms of anaphylaxis include[1]:  

• Difficulty breathing  

• Tightness in throat and chest  

• Swelling of the tongue or throat  

• Feeling faint or dizzy  

• Blue/grey skin or lips  

• Loss of consciousness 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice. 

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[2]. 

Frequently asked questions about paracetamol

Can I take paracetamol on an empty stomach? 
Yes – it’s gentle on the stomach[1]. 

Can I take it with ibuprofen? 
Yes – they can be taken together or alternated. Take care not to take more than the maximum of each medication[1]. 

Is paracetamol safe during pregnancy? 
Yes – use the lowest effective dose for the shortest time[1]. 

Can I drink alcohol with it? 
It’s best avoided – alcohol increases the risk of liver damage[1]. 

Can I take paracetamol long-term? 
Only under medical supervision[1]. 

Is it addictive? 
No – but frequent use or overdose can be harmful[1]. 

Can I take paracetamol with antibiotics? 
Usually yes – but check for specific interactions (e.g. with flucloxacillin). Speak to your pharmacist or doctor[1]. 

Can I use it for fever? 
Yes – it’s commonly used for that purpose[1]. 

Can I take paracetamol with cold and flu remedies? 
Only if those remedies do not also contain paracetamol[1]. 

For the official NHS guide to paracetamol for adults, visit their website.