Zopiclone

What is zopiclone?

Zopiclone is a prescription-only medicine used for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia. It is available as generic and under brand names like Zimovane[1]. 

What is zopiclone used for?

Zopiclone is primarily used to treat short-term sleep problems. It can help adults who have difficulty falling asleep, waking up during the night, and waking up too early. It can also help with severe sleep disruption due to stress or other issues[1]. 

Zopiclone is only recommended for short term use, usually no more than 2 to 4 weeks. This is because your body can become dependent on it and prolonged use may lead to tolerance (needing higher doses for the same effect) and dependence. [1]. 

How does zopiclone work?

Zopiclone works by enhancing the activity of GABA, a chemical messenger in the brain that has a calming effect. GABA acts like a brake pedal for the brain slowing down brain activity, helping you to relax, fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer and reduce nighttime awakenings[1]. 

Who can take zopiclone?

Most adults over 18 diagnosed with short-term insomnia can take zopiclone[1]. 

It is not suitable for some people so you must tell your doctor or pharmacist if you[1]: 

• Have ever had an allergic reaction to zopiclone 

• Have myasthenia gravis, liver or kidney problems, sleep apnoea (stop breathing in your sleep), or breathing difficulties 

• Have severe respiratory insufficiency or severe hepatic impairment 

• Have a history of alcohol or drug abuse 

• Are pregnant, trying to get pregnant or breastfeeding 

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have before starting zopiclone, and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[4]. 

How do you take zopiclone?

Zopiclone should be taken exactly as the doctor or pharmacist has told you to.  Swallow the tablet whole with a drink of water just before bedtime. Do not crush or chew the tablet. Only take the medication if you can get a full 7 to 8 hours sleep before you need to get up as this helps avoid next-day drowsiness and impairment [1]. 

What is the typical dosage of zopiclone?

The standard adult dose is 7.5 mg taken just before bedtime. Older adults or those with liver or kidney issues can take 3.75 mg at night to reduce the risk of drowsiness and falls[1]. 

Always follow your doctor’s or pharmacist’s instructions and do not exceed the prescribed dose. Zopiclone is typically prescribed for 2 to 4 weeks[1].  

Can you stop taking zopiclone?

Yes, but do not stop suddenly if you've been taking it for more than a few weeks as you may get withdrawal symptoms. You may feel anxious, restless, have mood changes and your insomnia can come back worse than before. Speak to your doctor or pharmacist and they may suggest you reduce your dose over a period of a few days or weeks to avoid withdrawal symptoms[1]. 

What do you do if you take too much zopiclone?

Taking too much zopiclone can be dangerous. Symptoms that you may get include[1]: 

• Excessive drowsiness and possibly going into a coma 

• Dizzy, lightheaded and confused 

• Difficulty breathing 

Call 111 if you have taken more than your prescribed dose of zopiclone, even if you have no symptoms. 

Call 999 or go to A&E immediately if you or someone else may have overdosed. 

What to do if you forget to take your zopiclone?

If you forget your dose and it's still early in the night (e.g., within 2–3 hours of your usual bedtime and still 7 to 8 hours before you need to get up), you can take it. If it’s later in the night or close to morning, skip the dose to avoid drowsiness the next day and just take the next dose at the usual time the next night. Do not take 2 doses at the same time[1]. 

What are the side effects of zopiclone?

The most common side effects include[1][4]: 

• Metallic or bitter taste 

• Dry mouth 

• Drowsiness the next day 

The rare, but more serious side effects include[1][4]: 

• Memory loss 

• Hallucinations 

• Behavioural changes (e.g., aggression, confusion) 

• Depression or suicidal thoughts 

• Falling over – especially in the elderly 

If you experience a rare allergic reaction (rash, itching, swelling), then ring 999 or go to A&E immediately. 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice. 

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[4]. 

Medicines you can and can't take with zopiclone

Speak to your doctor or pharmacist if you take any of these[1][4]: 

• Alcohol 

• Other sleeping pills or sedatives 

• Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, tricyclics) 

• Antipsychotics 

• Strong pain killers such as codeine and morphine 

• Antihistamines that cause drowsiness 

• Medicines for epilepsy 

• Certain antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin) or antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole) 

Always check with your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines and supplements you're taking, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[4]. 

Frequently asked questions about zopiclone

Is zopiclone addictive? 

Yes, if you take it for longer than 4 weeks. That’s why it is usually prescribed for short durations only. 

Can I drive or ride a bike after taking zopiclone? 

Zopiclone can impair your ability to drive or operate machinery the next day. Do not drive a car or ride a bike if you feel sleepy, have blurred vision, or you are dizzy the next day. 

Can I drink alcohol with zopiclone? 

No, do not drink alcohol while you are on zopiclone. It increases the sedative effects, and you can have difficulty waking up. 

How long does zopiclone stay in your system? 

Zopiclone does not stay in your system for more than 12 hours, but traces can remain for longer, especially in older adults. Some people still feel sleepy the next morning. If this is the case do not do any activities such as driving. 

For the official NHS guide to zopiclone, visit their website.