Paracetamol for children

What is paracetamol (Calpol) for children?

Paracetamol is a widely used medicine to relieve pain (headache, earache, stomach-ache) and reduce fever (high temperature) in children. It is suitable for a wide age range, available in different forms, and is easier to give to children than many alternatives[1]. 

The most common forms of paracetamol for children are liquid syrup (e.g. Calpol), tablets (chewable, dissolvable, or melt-in-the-mouth versions), and suppositories (used rectally when oral medicines are not suitable)[2]. 

What is paracetamol for children used for?

Paracetamol helps relieve mild to moderate pain in children. It can help relieve the symptoms of fever (after vaccinations, or due to colds or flu), teething pain, a sore throat, earache, headache, and any general aches and pains[1][2]. 

Paracetamol is not an anti-inflammatory medicine, so it does not reduce swelling or inflammation whereas ibuprofen does[1]. 

How does paracetamol for children work?

Paracetamol works by blocking the production of prostaglandins in the brain. These are chemicals that signal pain and fever. In reducing them, paracetamol helps to lower temperature and relieve pain. It’s also relatively gentle on the stomach and usually well tolerated by children[1]. 

Who can take paracetamol for children?

Paracetamol syrup can be given to babies from 2 months old, especially after vaccinations. In fact, paracetamol is generally safe for children of all ages when used correctly. However, you should speak to a doctor or pharmacist before giving paracetamol if your baby was born prematurely, is underweight for their age, has liver or kidney problems or has had liver problems in the past[1]. 

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have before you start treatment, and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[3]. 

What is a typical dosage of paracetamol for children?

Paracetamol doses for children should be based primarily on their weight. Age can be used as a guide if weight is unknown, but weight is the most accurate way to determine the correct dose. It’s essential to always check the label and use the correct product strength to avoid the incorrect dose[1]. 

For infants, a syrup solution will typically contain 120mg paracetamol per 5ml. The amount given (volume in millilitres) usually increases slightly with age and weight, taken up to 4 times in 24 hours[1]. 

Syrups for children 6 years and up can have up to 250mg paracetamol per 5ml, also generally increasing with age. Regardless of dosage, you should leave at least 4 hours between doses, with a maximum of 4 doses per 24 hours. Always shake the bottle, and use the syringe or spoon provided for the most accurate dosing possible. Never use a household teaspoon as it is not accurate and never exceed the maximum dose stated on the packaging or the maximum of 4 doses in 24 hours[1]. 

Can you stop giving paracetamol to children suddenly?

Yes, you can stop giving a child paracetamol as it should only be taken as needed. You can then stop once your child’s pain or fever has gone – there is no need to complete a course[1]. 

What should you do if you give too much paracetamol to children?

Paracetamol overdose is dangerous and can cause serious liver damage, even if your child seems well at first. If you suspect an overdose, get immediate medical help from A&E or call 111 (UK) (or 999 if they are showing signs of serious illness such as vomiting, drowsiness, or confusion) – don’t wait for symptoms to appear. Take the medicine packaging with you if you attend A&E or see a doctor. You should always keep all medicines out of reach of children[1][2]. 

What should you do if you forget a dose of paracetamol for children?

As paracetamol is only taken when needed, you will not generally forget a dose. However, if it has been 4 hours since the last dose and you have not gone over the daily limit of 4 doses per 24 hours, simply give your child their next dose. Never give two doses at the same time to make up for a missed one[1]. 

Which medicines should you avoid with paracetamol for children?

You can usually combine paracetamol with antibiotics, antihistamines, and ibuprofen but only on the advice of a doctor, pharmacist, or healthcare professional. You should not combine paracetamol with other medicines that contain paracetamol (like some cold and flu remedies), as this could cause an accidental overdose[1][2]. 

It’s important to check the active ingredients in cold and flu remedies as these often also contain paracetamol.

Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications and supplements being taken before starting a new medicine, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[3]. 

What are the side effects of paracetamol for children?

Paracetamol is generally very safe when used as directed. Some rare side effects may include mild allergic reactions. Extremely rare – but more serious – side effects are liver damage usually only if taken in amounts exceeding the recommended dose, or taken regularly for significantly longer than advised), or blood disorders or severe skin reactions[1][2]. 

It’s a good idea to seek medical advice if your child develops any unusual symptoms after taking paracetamol. If any side effects are worrying, severe, or persistent, contact your doctor.

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice.

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[3]. 

Frequently asked questions about paracetamol for children

Can I give paracetamol for children and ibuprofen together? 

Yes, you can usually combine paracetamol and ibuprofen for children, but only  but only on the advice of a doctor, pharmacist, or healthcare professional, who can advise on the correct timing and doses for each medicine[1].  

Can I give paracetamol for children before or after vaccinations? 

It may sometimes be recommended before the vaccination to help prevent fever and discomfort, especially for the MenB vaccine. Always follow the specific advice given by your GP or nurse regarding paracetamol use around vaccinations[1]. 

Is paracetamol safe for children to use long-term? 

 No, paracetamol should not be given to a child regularly for more than 3 days without consulting a doctor. Any ongoing pain or fever should always be investigated by a medical professional to discover the underlying cause[1]. 

Can I use adult paracetamol for children?

No, you should only use specific types of paracetamol for children to ensure the correct dosage. Adult paracetamol products contain higher doses and are not suitable for children. Always use a child-appropriate formulation – ask your doctor or pharmacist if unsure[1]. 

For the official NHS guide to paracetamol for children, visit their website.