Gabapentin

What is gabapentin used for?

Gabapentin is a prescription medication primarily used to treat certain types of nerve-related conditions. It belongs to a class of drugs called anticonvulsants or antiepileptics. Although it was originally developed to treat epilepsy, it is now also widely used for various types of nerve pain such as Peripheral Neuropathy and nerve pain from shingles[1]. 

How does gabapentin work?

Gabapentin works by changing the way nerves send signals in the body. In epilepsy, it helps prevent seizures by calming down the abnormal activity in the brain. For nerve pain, it blocks signals as they travel through your spine, helping reduce discomfort.[1]. 

Who can take gabapentin?

Fluconazole works by blocking an enzyme that fungi need to build and maintain their cell membranes. When this is inhibited, the cell membrane becomes damaged. This causes the fungus to die. The result is stopping the infection from growing or spreading.

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have before starting gabapentin, and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

What is the typical dosage of gabapentin?

The dose of gabapentin can depend on many factors, such as the condition it is treating, your age, if you are taking any other medications, or if you have certain conditions. It is important to take your gabapentin how it has been prescribed for you. 

For epilepsy, the usual doses for: 

• Adults and children over 12 years is 900mg to 3600mg. Doses may be divided throughout the day 

• For younger children aged 6 to 12 years, the dose depends on their weight 

For nerve pain, the usual dose for adults is between 900mg to 1600mg per day, divided into three doses. 

How do you take gabapentin?

If you are prescribed gabapentin tablets or capsules, they may be taken whole with or without food with a full glass of water. It is best to take your gabapentin doses at the same time each day [1].  

If you are prescribed the oral solution, it is important to use a measuring spoon or oral syringe to ensure you are taking the correct dose. Kitchen teaspoons are not reliable and may result in you taking the wrong dose. [1]. 

Can you stop taking gabapentin?

It is not recommended to stop taking your gabapentin abruptly, and your prescriber will slowly reduce your dose and monitor you when they stop treatment. 

If it is taken for epilepsy, stopping gabapentin too quickly may result in seizures. You may also experience withdrawal effects such as anxiety, pain, nausea, and sweating. 

What do you do if you take too much gabapentin?

Go to A&E or call 999 if you are someone else takes too much gabapentin and shows signs of overdose: 

• Severe drowsiness or unresponsiveness 

• Difficulty breathing 

• Loss of consciousness 

• Blurred vision 

• Slurred speech 

• Muscle weakness or unsteadiness 

If no symptoms are present, call 111 or speak to a healthcare professional for guidance. 

What do you do if you forget a dose of gabapentin?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Never take 2 doses at the same time[1]. 

If you have epilepsy, it is very important to take your medicine regularly or you may have a seizure[1]. 

Medicines you can and can’t take with gabapentin

IWhen taken together, some medications may increase the risk of side effects of gabapentin, or reduce how well gabapentin works;[1][2]: 

• Opioids (e.g., morphine): Increased risk of sedation and breathing problems. 

• Antacids (e.g., containing aluminum or magnesium): Can reduce gabapentin absorption, reducing how well it works — take gabapentin at least 2 hours after antacids. 

• Alcohol: Can increase drowsiness and dizziness. 

Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications and supplements you take before you start a new medicine, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

What are the side effects of gabapentin?

Common side effects of gabapentin are usually mild and may improve as you get used to the medication. 

These can include include[2]: 

• Feeling drowsy or tired 

• Dizziness or unsteadiness 

• Problems with coordination or balance 

• Swelling in hands, feet or legs 

• Headache 

• Diarrhoea 

Rare but serious side effects of gabapentin include: 

• Mood changes, such as feeling very low, anxious, or having thoughts of self harm or suicide 

• Breathing problems, especially  if you have existing lung conditions 

• Ongoing or severe stomach pain 

If you notice any of these, contact your doctor or call NHS 111 as soon as possible. 

Call 999 or go to A&E immediately if: 

• You have a serious allergic reaction to gabapentin. Symptoms may include swelling of the face, lips, tongue and throat, difficulty breathing, or a severe rash. 

• You have taken too much gabapentin and are experiencing symptoms such as extreme drowsiness, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice.

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[2]. 

Frequently asked questions about gabapentin

Is gabapentin addictive? 

It is possible to become addicted or to develop a dependency on gabapentin which can lead to the need to take more than prescribed, difficulty stopping or withdrawal symptoms if it is suddenly stopped. 

Withdrawal effects include[1]: 

• Feeling agitated or anxious 

• Experiencing panic attacks 

•  Palpitations  

• Shaking 

• Body aches  

• Feeling restless 

It is important not to stop taking gabapentin abruptly. Speak to your doctor or pharmacist if you are worried about addiction. 

How long does gabapentin take to work? 

It may take a few weeks for gabapentin to work, depending on the condition being treated[1]. 

Can I drink alcohol while taking gabapentin? 

You are able to drink alcohol with gabapentin, but it will increase side effects like drowsiness, dizziness, and fatigue. It is best to avoid it initially in the early stages[1]. 

Can I drive while on gabapentin? 

Gabapentin can cause drowsiness and impair coordination and alertness. You shouldn’t drive until you know how it affects you and you feel better[1]. 

For the official NHS guide to gabapentin, visit their website.