Dihydrocodeine

What is dihydrocodeine?

Dihydrocodeine is a prescription-only opioid painkiller used to treat moderate to severe pain. Dihydrocodeine works by changing how the brain and nervous system respond to pain, easing symptoms[1]. 

What is dihydrocodeine used for?

Dihydrocodeine is used to treat patients who are experiencing moderate to severe pain, such as after an injury or surgery. It may also be used for chronic pain when other painkillers are not effective. Sometimes, it’s used to ease persistent coughs or breathlessness in palliative care[1]. 

How does dihydrocodeine work?

Dihydrocodeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord. This reduces the feelings of pain the person experiences, while increasing pain tolerance. At the same time, it can also cause drowsiness and a mild sense of well-being[1]. 

Who can take aciclovir?

Most adults, children and babies can take aciclovir[1]. 

However, caution is needed if you: 

• Have kidney problems 

• Have ever had an allergic reaction to aciclovir 

• Are over 65 

• Have a weakened immune system 

• Are pregnant, trying to get pregnant or breastfeeding 

Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have before you start treatment and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

Who can take dihydrocodeine?

Dihydrocodeine can be taken by most adults. It may also be used for children over 4 years old in specific cases. However, it may not be suitable for people who[1]: 

• Have breathing problems  

• Have suffered a head injury 

• Are under the influence of alcohol or drugs 

• Are older adults  

• Have liver, stomach, or kidney problems 

• Have an underactive thyroid gland 

• Have myasthenia gravis 

• Have a history of substance misuse 

• Are or trying to be pregnant or are breastfeeding 

• Are allergic to dihydrocodeine 

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have before you start treatment and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

How do you take dihydrocodeine?

Dihydrocodeine comes in several forms. Most commonly, you will be prescribed either standard or slow-release tablets. You should take these whole with water, with or without food. Avoid crushing or chewing modified-release tablets as this could change how they affect you. It also comes in liquid form. If you're taking liquid dihydrocodeine, it will come with a plastic medicine spoon or syringe to help you measure the correct amount. Do not use a kitchen teaspoon[2]. 

No matter your type of prescription, always follow the instructions on your label and from your doctor or pharmacist. 

What is the typical dosage of dihydrocodeine?

The typical dose of dihydrocodeine depends on your needs and the form of the medicine[1].  

Normal tablets are usually 30mg taken every 4 to 6 hours as needed. The maximum 24-hour dose is 6 tablets or 180mg[1]. 

Slow-release tablets may come in 60mg, 90mg, or 120mg doses taken every 12 hours.  

Liquid form is one to three 5ml spoonfuls (10mg in each) every 4 to 6 hours[1]. 

Never take more than prescribed and as detailed by your doctor – if your prescription does not manage your pain well enough, consult your doctor. 

Can you stop taking dihydrocodeine suddenly?

You should not stop taking dihydrocodeine suddenly if you have been using it for a long time as this can cause withdrawal symptoms. These include a general feeling of restlessness or irritability, accompanied by sweating and muscle aches. Instead, your doctor will help you reduce the dose gradually to minimise these effects[1]. 

What should you do if you take too much dihydrocodeine?

Taking too much dihydrocodeine can be dangerous and bring severe health issues. The common signs of a dihydrocodeine overdose include extreme drowsiness, breathing difficulties, and even unconsciousness. Call 999 or go to A&E immediately if you or someone else has taken too much dihydrocodeine[1]. 

What should you do if you forget a dose of dihydrocodeine?

If you forget a dose of dihydrocodeine, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s nearly time for your next dose. If it is, skip the missed dose and carry on your schedule from the next dose. You should not take a double dose in any circumstances[1]. 

What medicines should you avoid while taking dihydrocodeine?

Dihydrocodeine can interact with other medicines, such as[1]: 

• Other opioids, such as morphine or codeine 

• Sleeping tablets or sedatives 

• Some antidepressants, especially MAOIs 

• Certain antihistamines that cause drowsiness 

• Anti-sickness medicines, like domperidone or metoclopramide 

• Anxiety medicines 

• Heart rhythm medicines 

It’s also best to avoid alcohol while taking dihydrocodeine. Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications and supplements you take before you start a new medicine, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[2]. 

What are the side effects of dihydrocodeine?

The most common side effects include constipation, dry mouth, confusion, headaches, vertigo, and nausea or vomiting. Some people also experience drowsiness and dizziness. More serious side effects include muscle stiffness, low blood pressure, difficulty breathing, allergic reactions such as rash, swelling or shortness of breath, or confusion and hallucinations[1]. 

You should contact your GP if you experience any of these symptoms. In rare cases, the medicine may cause a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). You should call 999 or visit A&E immediately if you believe this is happening[1]. 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice. 

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[2]. 

Frequently asked questions about dihydrocodeine

Is dihydrocodeine addictive? 

Yes, like other opioids, dihydrocodeine can be addictive, especially if you use it for a prolonged period. For that reason, it should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest period needed – addressing symptoms while minimising risk[1]. 

Can I drive while taking dihydrocodeine? 

You should not drive if you feel drowsy or your concentration is affected. Driving while taking dihydrocodeine could potentially endanger you and others[1]. 

Can I drink alcohol while taking dihydrocodeine? 

No, as alcohol increases the risk of serious side effects, such as drowsiness and breathing problems[1]. 

Is dihydrocodeine safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding? 

It is generally not recommended as dihydrocodeine can affect the baby and may cause withdrawal symptoms after birth. Always speak to your doctor before using it if you are pregnant or breastfeeding[1]. 

For the official NHS guide to dihydrocodeine, visit their website.