Co amoxiclav

What is co-amoxiclav?

Co-amoxiclav is a prescription-only broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It combines amoxicillin, a penicillin antibiotic that kills bacteria, and clavulanic acid which stops bacteria from breaking down amoxicillin, enhancing its effectiveness [1]. It’s commonly known by the brand name Augmentin and is available as tablets, liquid suspension, or intravenous injections. 

What is co-amoxiclav used to treat?

Co-amoxiclav is used in adults and children to treat[1]: 

• Ear, nose, and throat infections (e.g., sinusitis, tonsillitis) 

• Chest infections (e.g., bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia) 

• Urinary tract infections (e.g. cystitis) 

• Skin and soft tissue infections (e.g., cellulitis, wound infections) 

• Dental infections (e.g. dental abscesses) 

• Bone and joint infections (e.g., osteomyelitis) 

• Infections following surgery 

How does co-amoxiclav work?

 Co-amoxiclav works by combining two active ingredients. Amoxicillin, a penicillin antibiotic, kills bacteria by preventing them from forming strong cell walls. Clavulanic acid blocks an enzyme (beta-lactamase) produced by some bacteria that would otherwise inactivate amoxicillin. This combination makes co-amoxiclav effective against a wider range of bacteria, including those resistant to amoxicillin alone. [1].  

Who can take co-amoxiclav?

Most adults and children can take co-amoxiclav. It can also be taken during pregnancy (not in certain circumstances) and breastfeeding but check with your doctor or pharmacist to make sure it is suitable[1]. 

Co-amoxiclav may not be suitable for[1]: 

• People allergic to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics 

• Those with a history of liver problems caused by antibiotics 

• People with severe kidney or liver disease (dose adjustments may be needed) 

Co-amoxiclav is generally considered safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but consult your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you are in the third trimester or have other medical conditions.  

Always inform your healthcare provider of any allergies or medical conditions before starting treatment, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[3]. 

How do you take co-amoxiclav?

Co-amoxiclav is best taken with food to reduce any stomach upset. Swallow the tablets whole with a drink of water and space the doses evenly throughout the day (e.g., every 8 hours, three times daily) [1]. 

If you take the liquid form, shake the bottle well before use and measure the dose with the provided syringe or spoon. If you do not have either, ask your pharmacist for one. Do not use a kitchen teaspoon as it may lead to incorrect dosing.  Store the liquid in the fridge for up to 7 days and then discard after this time[1]. 

Always complete the full course, even if you feel better, to prevent the infection from returning or developing resistance. 

What is the typical dosage of co-amoxiclav?

Dosage depends on age, weight, and the severity of the infection[1]: 

• Adults: Typically, 375mg or 625mg mg taken 3 times a day. Higher doses may be used for severe infections 

• Children: Dose is weight-based and usually given as a liquid suspension 

Patients with kidney or liver impairment may require adjusted doses. Always follow your doctor’s or pharmacist’s instructions exactly and space the doses out evenly during the day. 

Can you stop taking co-amoxiclav early?

No, you must complete the full course even if you feel better. If you stop the treatment early, your infection may come back, or the bacteria may develop resistance to the antibiotic[1].  

What do you do if you take too much co-amoxiclav?

Taking one extra dose of co-amoxiclav is unlikely to harm you. Symptoms of taking too much may include stomach pain, diarrhoea, vomiting, or having a fit (seizure)[1].  

Seek medical help immediately or contact NHS 111 if you have any of those symptoms, or you have taken 2 or more extra doses of your medicine. For severe symptoms (e.g., difficulty breathing or seizures), call 999 or go to A&E immediately. 

What do you do if you forget a dose of co-amoxiclav?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Never take 2 doses at the same time. 

What are the side effects of co-amoxiclav?

The most common side effects include[1]: 

• Diarrhoea (consult a doctor if severe or persistent) 

• Nausea or vomiting 

• Thrush (a fungal infection in the mouth or vagina; consult a pharmacist for antifungal treatment) 

The more uncommon side effects include[1]: 

• Skin rash which may blister 

• Inflammation of the large intestine (symptoms include stomach pain and high temperature) 

• Liver problems (e.g., yellowing of the skin/eyes, especially with prolonged use) 

Speak to your doctor or call 111 now if you experience these conditions. 

If you experience a rare allergic reaction (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing), then ring 999 or go to A&E immediately. 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice. 

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[3]. 

Medicines you can't take with co-amoxiclav

The following medicines may interact with co-amoxiclav[1]: 

• Allopurinol (increased risk of rash) 

• Methotrexate (increased toxicity) 

• Warfarin (may affect blood clotting) 

• Probenecid (affects antibiotic levels) 

Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all the medications and supplements you're taking, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[3]. 

Frequently asked questions about co-amoxiclav

Can I drink alcohol while taking co-amoxiclav? 

Moderate alcohol consumption is generally safe, but alcohol may worsen side effects like nausea or dizziness. Avoid alcohol if you feel unwell or have liver problems[1]. 

Can I drive or operate machinery when taking co-amoxiclav? 

Yes, unless you feel dizzy or unwell[1]. 

Is co-amoxiclav safe during pregnancy? 

Generally considered safe but always consult your doctor or pharmacist[1]. 

Can co-amoxiclav cause antibiotic resistance? 

Yes, if misused. Always complete the full course and only use when prescribed[1]. 

Will co-amoxiclav affect my contraception? 

No, co-amoxiclav does not affect contraception. However, if you are sick or have diarrhoea for more than 24 hours, your contraceptive pills may not protect you. Look at the pill packet to find out more[1]. 

For the official NHS guide to co-amoxiclav, visit their website.