Benzoyl peroxide

What is benzoyl peroxide?

Benzoyl peroxide is a topical treatment used to manage acne. It belongs to a group of medicines called topical acne agents. You may find it available in many forms, including gels, creams, lotions, washes, and foams[4].  

Some benzoyl peroxide products are available over the counter (OTC), while stronger formulations may be prescribed by a healthcare professional. 

What is benzoyl peroxide used for?

Benzoyl peroxide is commonly used to treat acne vulgaris – including blackheads, whiteheads, and inflamed spots[4]. It may also be used for rosacea (in specific formulations), and occasionally for other skin conditions, under the guidance of a healthcare professional. 

How does benzoyl peroxide work?

Benzoyl peroxide works in three ways[4]. First, it kills acne-causing bacteria. It also unclogs pores by helping remove dead skin cells (keratolytic effect), while also reducing oils, helping to prevent new spots from forming. 

Who can take benzoyl peroxide?

Benzoyl peroxide is generally taken by teenagers and adults with acne. It’s typically not recommended for children under 12 unless prescribed. You should always use it with caution, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies to skincare products[4]. 

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist about any conditions you may have before starting fluoxetine, and always follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[5].

How do you use benzoyl peroxide?

The normal application of benzoyl peroxide gel follows these steps[4]: 

1. Gently cleanse your skin and pat dry 

2. Apply a thin layer to affected areas (avoid rubbing it in harshly as this may cause further irritation) 

3. Wash your hands before and after applying 

4. Avoid any contact with the eyes, mouth, and inside of the nose 

5. Apply sunscreen during the day as benzoyl peroxide can make skin more sensitive to sunlight 

During your treatment, it can be a good idea to use old towels and pillowcases. This is because benzoyl peroxide can bleach fabrics and hair.

Can you stop using benzoyl peroxide suddenly?

Yes, you can stop using benzoyl peroxide at any point. However, stopping it may cause acne to return. For the best long-term results, a maintenance routine may be needed, and you should always speak to your doctor or pharmacist before stopping or switching treatments to minimise side effects[4]. 

What should you do if you use too much benzoyl peroxide?

Using too much benzoyl peroxide can cause severe dryness of the skin. It may also result in peeling, redness, or burning. If you use too much, try to wash off any excess and stop use if skin becomes too irritated. You can contact a healthcare provider if symptoms persist or get worse. 

What should you do if you forget a dose of benzoyl peroxide?

If you forget to use or apply a dose of benzoyl peroxide, apply it as soon as you remember. If it’s nearly time for the next dose, however, you can skip the one you missed. It’s important not to apply extra to make up for a missed dose as this will not improve results and may cause irritation[4]. 

What medicines should you avoid while using benzoyl peroxide?

You can usually use other medicines while taking benzoyl peroxide. However, you should avoid using it at the same time as other topical acne treatments (like retinoids or salicylic acid) unless advised by a doctor or pharmacist[4].  

It can be used with moisturisers and make-up – it’s best to choose non-comedogenic products where possible. Tell your pharmacist or GP about any other skin treatments you’re using as they may have advice specific to your situation[4]. 

Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medications and supplements you take before you start a new medicine, and follow the instructions in the Patient Information Leaflet[5].

What are the side effects of benzoyl peroxide?

Some mild and temporary side effects of benzoyl peroxide include dryness, peeling or flaking, redness, and mild burning or itching. Seek medical attention if you experience severe irritation or blistering, or any allergic reaction. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include rashes, swelling, or difficulty breathing. 

Stop using the product and speak to a doctor or pharmacist if serious side effects occur[4]. 

If you experience any side effects, including those not listed, you are encouraged to report them via the Yellow Card Scheme or contact your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. This information is intended as a summary for general awareness and does not replace professional medical advice.

The information provided in the side effects section is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects associated with this medication. For a complete list of side effects, please refer to the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) provided with your medication or consult your healthcare professional[5].

Frequently asked questions about benzoyl peroxide

Can I wear make-up with benzoyl peroxide? 

Yes, you can wear make-up with benzoyl peroxide but let the product dry completely before applying it. Where possible, use oil-free, non-comedogenic products. 

How long does benzoyl peroxide take to work? 

Typically, you may start to see results from benzoyl peroxide use within 2–4 weeks. In other cases, it can take up to 8–12 weeks for the full benefits to show. 

Can I use moisturiser with benzoyl peroxide? 

Yes, you can use moisturiser with benzoyl peroxide. Try to use a gentle, fragrance-free moisturiser to minimise the chances of dryness. 

Is benzoyl peroxide safe during pregnancy? 

Benzoyl peroxide is generally considered low-risk, but, like all medication, it should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary. However, always check with your doctor, pharmacist, or midwife before beginning use. 

For the official NHS guide to benzoyl peroxide, visit their website.