How medications can affect digestive health

Stomach irritation

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, naproxen and aspirin, are widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation and bring down high temperature. However, they can also increase stomach acid and can sometimes cause inflammation. 

What to do 

Help protect your stomach by eating food before taking NSAIDs. You can also take a stomach protection medication first, such as omeprazole or lansoprazole. If you need to take regular NSAIDs, learn about the difference between omeprazole or lansoprazole. 

Additionally, some NSAIDs, like naproxen, are available with a special coating to minimise stomach irritation. Understand more about naproxen. 

Changes in gut bacteria

Some medications, particularly antibiotics, can disrupt gut bacteria's balance, wiping out harmful and beneficial microbes. This imbalance can lead to digestive issues like bloating and diarrhoea, and increase your risk of infections. 

What to do 

To help restore gut bacteria, ensure you are eating probiotic foods such as natural yogurt, some cheeses, kefir, kimchi, or sauerkraut. Alternatively, you can explore probiotic supplements. To support a healthy gut environment, you should also consume prebiotics, which include most fruits and vegetables, legumes, and grains. 

Constipation and slowed digestion

Certain medications such as strong painkillers (codeine and morphine), iron supplements, and some antidepressants, can slow down bowel movements, leading to constipation. This can cause bloating, discomfort, and digestive issues if not managed properly. 

What to do 

To support digestive health, increase your fibre intake by eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day and ensure you exercise regularly. You can read more about how to maintain a healthy gut and also how to explore options for constipation relief if required. 

Diarrhoea and loose stools

Some medications, such as antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, and certain diabetes medications (like metformin), can cause diarrhoea by irritating the intestines or altering fluid absorption. 

What to do 

To replenish fluids, drink plenty of water and electrolyte-rich drinks. Eating bland foods like rice, bananas, and toast can help soothe the stomach and ease digestion. You can also explore options for diarrhoea relief. 

If you experience prolonged digestive issues speak with a doctor. 

Back to digestive health page